Who are behind Venezuela?

It's interesting to question who are behind the Venezuela proxy war.

The link between Brazil and USA, with partnership of Colombia, puts Venezuela in a siege and the clash of socialism in South America, puts the whole continent lined up with USA, and close to Russia possible partnership in military geo-strategic position of influence, even in business, with Argentina for exemple.

The new proxies are used to promote an arm race with USA and Russia, with a clash in a country that is at the USA's target, because the non-lined up politics.

Russia is running to promote it's geo-strategic position and the use of mercenaries, local guerrillas and now with troops droppged in Venezuela, anticipating an political maneouver in Venezuela, can guarantee a South American political strategy and influence by Russia in continent.

USA and Russia is using the Venezuelan territory as proxies, like did in Syria, to promte power demonstration.

Maduro is failed, he fell off long before and after Chavez death, by this failing politics, is that Maduro is cheating at election and promoting scheemes to military generals, buyng their loyalty in a country failed that has even no food. The question is not if Russia is promoting socialism, the question is how Russia will maintain its influence.

One possible answer is PNAC's Bolton strategy, the preventive attack, the non serviance to UN determinations and the Seecurity Council, because the political expression of USA is global, and not regional.

In 1997, Bolton once related that:

Although it may take several decades for the process of transformation to unfold, in time, the art of warfare on air, land, and sea will be vastly different than it is today, and “combat” likely will take place in new dimensions: in space, “cyber-space,” and perhaps the world of microbes. Air warfare may no longer be fought by pilots manning tactical fighter aircraft sweeping the skies of opposing fighters, but a regime dominated by long-range, stealthy unmanned craft. On land, the clash of massive, combined-arms armored forces may be replaced by the dashes of much lighter, stealthier and information-intensive forces, augmented by fleets of robots, some small enough to fit in soldiers’ pockets. Control of the sea could be largely determined not by fleets of surface combatants and aircraft carriers, but from land- and space-based systems, forcing navies to maneuver and fight underwater.

Space itself will become a theater of war, as nations gain access to space capabilities and come to rely on them; further, the distinction between military and commercial space systems – combatants and noncombatants – will become blurred. Information systems will become an important focus of attack, particularly for U.S. enemies seeking to short-circuit sophisticated American forces. And advanced forms of biological warfare that can “target” specific genotypes may transform biological warfare from the realm of terror to a politically useful tool. 

See that Bolton had a strategic view and the use of the Revolution in Military Affairs well done, less before even the cyber-war was conjurated. To maintain the USA in leadership, using preventive attacks and put the USA in advantage on every conflict. But now, there are other players that can face the strenght.

At the Rebuilding America's Defense, Bolton relates that:

There should be a strong strategic synergy between U.S. forces overseas and in a reinforcing posture: units operating abroad are an indication of American geopolitical interests and leadership, provide significant military power to shape events and, in wartime, create the conditions for victory when reinforced. Conversely, maintaining the

ability to deliver an unquestioned “knockout punch” through the rapid introduction of stateside units will increase the shaping power of forces operating overseas and the
vitality of our alliances. In sum, we see an enduring need for large-scale American forces.

And he finishes his text with:

Global leadership is not something exercised at our leisure, when the mood strikes us or when our core national security interests are directly threatened; then it is already too late. Rather, it is a choice whether or not to maintain American military preeminence, to secure American geopolitical leadership, and to preserve the American peace.

Media and propaganda promotes the government, and assure that the political actions and sanctions are a form of defense and strategical part of the plan to promote unity and autonomy.

The FM 33-5 - Psychological Warfare Manual in Combat Operations describes Political Warfare as: 

Political warfare is the employment of political (diplomatic and other nonmilitary) means to defeat an enemy. It makes use of propaganda coordinated with foreign policy, either in the direct political relations with other governments or with groups of people possessing political organization. The conduct of political warfare is not a function of the armed forces. It may be planned in coordination with military operations and its execution may affect a military situation or require auxiliary military action.

The situation here is to promote a new Cold War and prevent any menace comming from the east, but have the control of the whole situation, with servants that have the interest on maintaining the leadership of USA.

And the other idea is to use the "new right" promote an alert state, as an agent of chaos, to pretend on spreading the misinformation that can happen a third world war, that will come, or that Brazil will be in a war soon, listening to the guro's of the right wings in world wide, that promotes global americanism and capitalism, with the promotion of fear in population. The great truth is that, right wings don't know how to govern with loud speaches and tactical of spreading fear by propaganda and provocative tweets, it loses the credibility that took many decades to win.

It's sad to see right wing comming the same as the left!

U.S. Urges New Venezuela Elections. One Obstacle: Russia.

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/27/world/americas/venezuela-russia-security-council.html

UNITED NATIONS — Forcing a possible United Nations showdown with Russia over the Venezuela crisis, the United States distributed a resolution on Wednesday calling for “free, fair and credible presidential elections” in the impoverished Latin American country and unfettered distribution of humanitarian aid.

The resolution was likely to be put to a Security Council vote on Thursday, Council diplomats said, and barring some compromise was almost certain to be vetoed by Russia.

A resolution needs nine yes votes in the 15-member Council to win, but a no vote by any of the five permanent members, which include Russia, would block it.

Diplomats said an aim in bringing the measure to a vote was to embarrass the Russians, who have stood by President Nicolás Maduro of Venezuela and described him as the victim of American big-power bullying and arrogance.

Russia was expected to submit its own Venezuela resolution, calling for a negotiated outcome between Mr. Maduro and his opponents and a declaration that Mr. Maduro’s government should oversee any distribution of international aid. Diplomats said that measure is likely to lack the required nine votes for passage.

The face-off between the Americans and Russians over Venezuela, which was once Latin America’s most prosperous country and sits atop the world’s biggest proven oil reserves, is reminiscent of the Cold War.

The United States and roughly 50 other countries, including many in Latin America and Europe, have denounced what they call a culture of corruption and mismanagement by Mr. Maduro’s brand of socialist governance in Venezuela, which has been reeling from an economic collapse.

They have thrown their support behind Juan Guaidó, the leader of the opposition in the National Assembly, who declared himself interim president a month ago on grounds that Mr. Maduro had won elections last May through fraud and was destroying the country.

The American move at the United Nations came less than a week after a coalition of countries led by the United States sought unsuccessfully to send convoys of food and medical aid into Venezuela through Colombia and Brazil.

Mr. Maduro’s armed forces and other loyalists blocked the deliveries at the border, saying the aid was unneeded and calling it a pretext for an American invasion. Violent clashes left at least four Venezuelans dead and many injured from rubber bullets and tear-gas.

The aid campaign’s failure appeared to be a significant setback for Mr. Guaidó, who had left Venezuela in violation of a travel ban to help lead the convoy effort from Colombia.

He had expressed hope that members of Venezuela’s military would desert Mr. Maduro en masse and allow the convoys in.

Mr. Guaidó was reported to be in Brazil, and his plans for returning to Venezuela were not disclosed. But he could be barred from going back by Mr. Maduro or possibly arrested if and when he tried to return.

“As a citizen, I believe it’s treason what he’s doing to his people,” Venezuela’s foreign minister, Jorge Arreaza, said of Mr. Guaidó in an interview this week at Venezuela’s United Nations mission.

In a meeting at the Security Council on Tuesday, Mr. Arreaza said the effort led by Mr. Guaidó had failed. Addressing American diplomats in the chamber, he said “now is the time for us to return to sanity and international law.”

Mr. Arreaza struck a more conciliatory tone on Wednesday in Geneva, where he spoke at the United Nations Human Rights Council and called for dialogue between Mr. Maduro and President Trump. But Mr. Arreaza drew a hostile reception from other diplomats of countries that recognize Mr. Guaidó. As he made his way to the podium, about 60 representatives from 16 missions walked out in protest.

A draft of the American resolution on the Security Council agenda for Thursday, seen by The New York Times, does not include any language that could be construed as the basis for a military intervention in Venezuela, addressing the concerns expressed by other countries who do not want to see the crisis turn into a war.

Nonetheless, a key passage of the resolution, which expresses “deep concern that the presidential elections of May 20, 2018, were neither free nor fair,” seemed bound to provoke Russian objections.

The draft also called for “the start of a peaceful political process leading to free, fair, and credible presidential elections, with international electoral observation, in conformity with Venezuela’s Constitution.”

Other provisions stressed “the importance of ensuring the security” of political opposition members — a clear reference to Mr. Guaidó and his associates — and the need to “facilitate unhindered access and delivery of assistance to all in need.”

Mr. Maduro is not popular in Venezuela, where hunger and deprivation have intensified in recent years and hyperinflation has made the national currency nearly worthless. More than 3.4 million Venezuelans have fled to neighboring countries.

Russia and other defenders of Mr. Maduro blame Venezuela’s crisis on American sanctions imposed on the country, including the recent seizure of assets belonging to the state oil company, Pdvsa, the government’s main source of revenue.

Russian air force planes land in Venezuela carrying troops: reports

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-politics/russian-air-force-planes-land-in-venezuela-carrying-troops-report-idUSKCN1R50NB

CARACAS (Reuters) - Two Russian air force planes landed at Venezuela’s main airport on Saturday carrying a Russian defense official and nearly 100 troops, according to media reports, amid strengthening ties between Caracas and Moscow.

A flight-tracking website showed that two planes left from a Russian military airport bound for Caracas on Friday, and another flight-tracking site showed that one plane left Caracas on Sunday.

That comes three months after the two nations held military exercises on Venezuelan soil that President Nicolas Maduro called a sign of strengthening relations, but which Washington criticized as Russian encroachment in the region.

Reporter Javier Mayorca wrote on Twitter on Saturday that the first plane carried Vasily Tonkoshkurov, chief of staff of the ground forces, adding the second was a cargo plane carrying 35 tonnes of material.

An Ilyushin IL-62 passenger jet and an Antonov AN-124 military cargo plane left for Caracas on Friday from Russian military airport Chkalovsky, stopping along the way in Syria, according to flight-tracking website Flightradar24.

The cargo plane left Caracas on Sunday afternoon, according to Adsbexchange, another flight-tracking site.

The flights carried officials who arrived to “exchange consultations,” wrote Russian government-owned news agency Sputnik, which quoted an unnamed source at the Russian embassy.

“Russia has various contracts that are in the process of being fulfilled, contracts of a technical military character,” Sputnik quoted the source as saying.

A Reuters witness saw what appeared to be the passenger jet at the Maiquetia airport on Sunday.

Venezuela’s Information Ministry did not immediately reply to a request for comment.

Russia’s Defense Ministry and Foreign Ministry did not reply to messages seeking comment. The Kremlin spokesman also did not reply to a request for comment.

The Trump administration has levied crippling sanctions on the OPEC nation’s oil industry in efforts to push Maduro from power and has called on Venezuelan military leaders to abandon him. Maduro has denounced the sanctions as U.S. interventionism and has won diplomatic backing from Russia and China.

In December, two Russian strategic bomber aircraft capable of carrying nuclear weapons landed in Venezuela in a show of support for Maduro’s socialist government that infuriated Washington.

Maduro on Wednesday said Russia would send medicine “next week” to Venezuela, without describing how it would arrive, adding that Moscow in February had sent some 300 tonnes of humanitarian aid.

Venezuela in February had blocked a convoy carrying humanitarian aid for the crisis-stricken country that was coordinated with the team of opposition leader Juan Guaido, including supplies provided by the United States, from entering via the border with Colombia.